Teaching Algebra in K-8
Algebra is the study of number generalization and formulating through experience and useful symbol knowledge.
Kaput's Three Standards of Algebraic Reasoning:
1. Study of structures in the number system, including those arising in arithmetic (algebra is generalized arithmetic). 2. Study of patterns, relations and functions. 3. Process of mathematical modeling, including the meaningful use of symbols. Activities to Effectively Develop Algebraic Reasoning:
Five Representations of Functions:
• Physical materials or drawings • Tables • Words • Symbols • Graphs |
Iterative Rule:
• Counting or repeating a piece • Important part of being able to understand and use fractions • Most clear when focusing on two ideas about fraction symbols: 1st, the top number counts (numerator) and 2nd, the bottom number tells what is being counted (denominator) • Iterating makes sense with length models because iteration is much like measuring • Iterating can also be done with area models and set models Whats My Rule?
Algebra Tiles: Algebra tiles empower students of all learning styles to better understand mathematical concepts. For many students, abstract algebraic concepts are more easily grasped with the concrete representations displayed by the tiles. In addition, the tactile nature of the tiles, allows students to connect on a personal level with the concepts being discussed. For More Information: http://mathbits.com/MathBits/AlgebraTiles/AlgebraTiles.htm Other Technology For Algebra:
There are a large variety of Apps for helping make algebra concepts more concrete such as Algebra Tutor and Math Ref. Fraction Calculators also provide a way for students to bridge the gap and understand fractional symbolism. |
Van de Walle, J.A., & Karp, K.S., & Bay-Williams, J.M. (2013). Elementary and middle school mathematics: Teaching developmentally (8th Ed.), Boston: Pearson.